Abstract:
Purpose - Health education in school classrooms can be effective in promoting sexual health and preventing violence and substance use but effects are patchy and often short term. Classroom education is also challenging because of schools' increasing focus on academic-performance metrics. Other school-based approaches are possible, such as healthy school policies, improving how schools respond to bullying, and parent outreach, which go beyond health education to address broader health determinants. Existing systematic reviews include such interventions but often alongside traditional health education. There is scope for a systematic review of reviews to assess and synthesize evidence across existing reviews to develop an overview of the potential of alternative school-based approaches.
Methods - We searched 12 databases to identify reviews published after 1980. Data were reviewed by two researchers. Quality was assessed using a modified Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews checklist and results were synthesized narratively.
Results - We screened 7,544 unique references and included 22 reviews. Our syntheses suggest that multicomponent school-based interventions, for example, including school policy changes, parent involvement, and work with local communities, are effective for promoting sexual health and preventing bullying and smoking. There is less evidence that such intervention can reduce alcohol and drug use. Economic incentives to keep girls in school can reduce teenage pregnancies. School clinics can promote smoking cessation. There is little evidence that, on their own, sexual-health clinics, antismoking policies, and various approaches targeting at-risk students are effective.
Conclusions - There is good evidence that various whole-school health interventions are effective in preventing teenage pregnancy, smoking, and bullying.
My opinion:
My program only encompass smoking cessation classes (with several methods of recruitment) and smoke free school policy (with fine if violated). This journal shows that several various whole school interventions are effective in preventing smoking. Other methods used in this journal are: parents involvement, local communities volunteering, and school games activities.
While I agree that these methods will be effective if applied, these programs are still not used in my programs because of cost needed, minimal staffs to apply and no prior programs were applied at the school. These methods still not yet included in my programs are very interesting and by logic will help improves effectiveness ratio of the program. After 1 year of application of my program, evaluation will then performed and discussed whether another methods should be applied on next year program.
Reference of journal:
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